Encyclopedia of Language and Education

Table of Contents

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   Book Overview
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   Chapter 1 Language Planning in Education
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   Chapter 2 Language Education, Pluralism and Citizenship
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   Chapter 3 Language Education and Globalization
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   Chapter 4 Language Education and Culture
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   Chapter 5 Language Education and Gender
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   Chapter 6 Language, Class and Education
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   Chapter 7 The Economics of Language Education
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   Chapter 8 The Moral Dimensions of Language Education
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    Chapter 9 Human Rights and Language Policy in Education
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    Chapter 10 International Law and Education in a Minority Language
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    Chapter 11 Language Education Planning and Policies by and for Indigenous Peoples
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    Chapter 12 National Sign Languages and Language Policies
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    Chapter 13 Critical Applied Linguistics and Language Education
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    Chapter 14 Teaching Language and Power
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    Chapter 15 Language Education and Multiliteracies
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    Chapter 16 The Politics of English Language Teaching
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    Chapter 17 Language Policy and Teacher Education
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    Chapter 18 School Language Policies
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    Chapter 19 Language Policy and Education in the European Union
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    Chapter 21 Language Policy and Education in the United States
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    Chapter 22 Indigenous Language Policy and Education in Mexico
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    Chapter 23 Language Policy and Education in the Andes
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    Chapter 24 Language Policy and Education in Canada
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    Chapter 25 Language Policy and Education in Australia
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    Chapter 26 Language Policy and Education in Southern Africa
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    Chapter 27 Language Policy and Education in the Indian Subcontinent
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    Chapter 28 Language Policy and Education in Pakistan
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    Chapter 29 Language Education Policy in Japan
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    Chapter 30 Language Education Policy in Greater China
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    Chapter 31 New Literacies, New Times: Developments in Literacy Studies
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    Chapter 32 Critical Race Theory
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    Chapter 33 Language, Literacy and Knowledge Production in Africa
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    Chapter 34 Literacy Myths
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    Chapter 35 Literacy and Internet Technologies
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    Chapter 36 BICS and CALP: Empirical and Theoretical Status of the Distinction
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    Chapter 37 Reading: Attitudes, Interests, Practices
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    Chapter 38 Gender and Literacy
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    Chapter 39 Critical Literacy Education: On Living with “Innocent Language”
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    Chapter 40 Biliteracy and Globalization
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    Chapter 41 Informal Learning and Literacy
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    Chapter 42 Second Language Academic Literacies: Converging Understandings
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    Chapter 43 Family Literacy
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    Chapter 44 Women, Literacy and Development: Overview
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    Chapter 45 A Community Literacy Project: Nepal
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    Chapter 46 Community Literacy Practices and Education: Australia
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    Chapter 47 Academic Literacies in Theory and Practice
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    Chapter 48 Literacies In and Out of School in the United States
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    Chapter 49 Literacies in the Classroom
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    Chapter 50 Literacies and Ethnolinguistic Diversity: Chicago
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    Chapter 51 Language Diversity and Indigenous Literacy in the Andes
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    Chapter 52 Literacies in the Lives of Urban Youth
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    Chapter 53 Literacies In and Out of School in South Africa
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    Chapter 54 Literacies in Latin America
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    Chapter 55 African American Literacies
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    Chapter 56 City Literacies
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    Chapter 57 Classroom Interaction, Situated Learning
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    Chapter 58 Conversation Analysis and Talk‐in‐Interaction in Classrooms
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    Chapter 59 Genres and Institutions: Functional Perspectives on Educational Discourse
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    Chapter 60 Official Pedagogic Discourses and the Construction of Learners’ Identities
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    Chapter 61 Critical Discourse Analysis in Education
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    Chapter 62 Post‐Structuralist Analysis of Classroom Discourse
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    Chapter 63 Revoicing across Learning Spaces
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    Chapter 64 Linguistic Anthropology of Education
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    Chapter 65 Language Socialization, Participation and Identity: Ethnographic Approaches
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    Chapter 66 Classroom Discourse and the Construction of Learner and Teacher Identities
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    Chapter 67 Categorizing Learners Beyond the Classroom
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    Chapter 68 Constructing Elites in Kenya: Implications for Classroom Language Practices in Africa
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    Chapter 69 Discourse and the Construction of Gendered Identities in Education
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    Chapter 70 Ethnicity at Work in Peer‐Group Interactions at School
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    Chapter 71 Playful Talk, Learners' Play Frames and the Construction of Identities
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    Chapter 72 Language Choice and Symbolic Domination
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    Chapter 73 Language Planning Ideologies, Communicative Practices and their Consequences
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    Chapter 74 Teachers’ Practical Knowledge, Standard Language and Multicultural Classrooms
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    Chapter 75 Discourses about English: Class, Codes and Identities in Britain
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    Chapter 76 The Guided Co‐construction of Knowledge
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    Chapter 77 Talk, Texts and Meaning-Making in Classroom Contexts
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    Chapter 78 Learners’ Collaborative Talk
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    Chapter 79 Role Play and Dialogue in Early Childhood Education
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    Chapter 80 Discourse and Second Language Learning
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    Chapter 81 Discourse, Mathematics and Mathematics Education
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    Chapter 82 Learning Science: Discursive Practices
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    Chapter 83 Everyday Funds of Knowledge and School Discourses
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    Chapter 84 Multimodal Discourses Across the Curriculum
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    Chapter 85 Applied Linguistic Theory and Second/Foreign Language Education
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    Chapter 86 Sociolinguistics and Language Education
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    Chapter 87 Individual Differences in Second and Foreign Language Learning
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    Chapter 88 Conditions for Second Language (L2) Learning
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    Chapter 89 Content‐Based Instruction
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    Chapter 90 Task‐Based Instruction
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    Chapter 91 Professional Communication
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    Chapter 92 CLIL—A Pedagogical Approach from the European Perspective
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    Chapter 93 Second Language Learning in a Study Abroad Context
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    Chapter 94 Foreign Language Learning in K‐12 Classrooms in the United States
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    Chapter 95 Issues in Heritage Language Learning in the United States
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    Chapter 96 Learning and Teaching Endangered Indigenous Languages
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    Chapter 97 Community Language Learning in Australia
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    Chapter 98 Second and Foreign Language Learning in South Africa
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    Chapter 99 Second and Foreign Language Education in Canada
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     Chapter 100 Language Education in Europe: The Common European Framework of Reference
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     Chapter 101 Innovative Second and Foreign Language Education in the Middle East and North Africa
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     Chapter 102 Innovative Second and Foreign Language Education in Southeast Asia
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     Chapter 103 Innovative Second and Foreign Language Education in the South Pacific
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     Chapter 104 The Professional Development of Foreign Language Instructors in Postsecondary Education
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     Chapter 105 Network‐Based Language Teaching
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     Chapter 106 Teacher Training in Bilingual Education in Peru
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     Chapter 107 Nonnative Speaking Teachers of English as a Foreign Language
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     Chapter 108 Computer‐Mediated Communication
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     Chapter 109 Learner Corpora in Foreign Language Education
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     Chapter 110 Computer‐Assisted Language Assessment
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     Chapter 111 Distance Learning for Second and Foreign Language Teaching
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     Chapter 112 Key Concepts in Bilingual Education: Ideological, Historical, Epistemological, and Empirical Foundations
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     Chapter 113 Bilingual/Immersion Education: What the Research Tells Us
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     Chapter 114 Bilingual Education and Socio‐Political Issues
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     Chapter 115 Conceptualizing Biliteracy within Bilingual Programs
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     Chapter 116 Teaching for Transfer: Challenging the Two Solitudes Assumption in Bilingual Education
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     Chapter 117 Identity, Community and Power in Bilingual Education
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     Chapter 118 Multicompetence Approaches to Language Proficiency Development in Multilingual Education
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     Chapter 119 Modularity in Bilingualism as an Opportunity for Cross‐Discipline Discussion
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     Chapter 120 Language Rights and Bilingual Education
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     Chapter 121 American Sign Language (ASL) Bilingual Bicultural Education
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     Chapter 122 Bilingual Education in Africa: An Overview
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     Chapter 123 Multilingual Education in India
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     Chapter 124 English–Chinese Bilingual Education in China
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     Chapter 125 Bilingual Education in Singapore
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     Chapter 126 Bilingual Education in Central Asia
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     Chapter 127 Bilingual Education in Spain: Present Realities and Future Challenges
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     Chapter 128 Bilingual Education by and for American Indians, Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians
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     Chapter 129 Dual Language Education in Canada and the USA
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     Chapter 130 Bilingual Education in the South Pacific
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     Chapter 131 Arabic‐English Bilingualism in Australia
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     Chapter 132 Intercultural Bilingual Education Among Indigenous Peoples in Latin America
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     Chapter 133 Bilingual Education for Indigenous Communities in Mexico
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     Chapter 134 Enrichment Bilingual Education in South America
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     Chapter 135 Language Awareness and Knowledge about Language: A Historical Overview
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     Chapter 136 Knowledge About Language in the Mother Tongue and Foreign Language Curricula
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     Chapter 137 Discourse Awareness in Education: A Critical Perspective
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     Chapter 138 Identity, Language Learning, and Critical Pedagogies
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     Chapter 139 Discourse and Socially Shared Cognition
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     Chapter 140 Cognitive Linguistics and its Applications to Second Language Teaching
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     Chapter 141 Knowledge About Language and Emotion
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     Chapter 142 Language Awareness in First Language Acquisition
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     Chapter 143 Implicit and Explicit Knowledge about Language
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     Chapter 144 Attention and Awareness
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     Chapter 145 Explicit Knowledge and Second Language Learning and Pedagogy
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     Chapter 146 Phonetic Awareness, Phonetic Sensitivity and the Second Language Learner
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     Chapter 147 Lexical Awareness in Second Language Learning
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     Chapter 148 Morphological and Syntactic Awareness in Foreign/Second Language Learning
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     Chapter 149 Pragmatic Awareness in Second Language Acquisition
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     Chapter 150 Metalinguistic Knowledge and Oral Production
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     Chapter 151 “Awakening to Languages” and Educational Language Policy
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     Chapter 152 Language Awareness and CLIL
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     Chapter 153 Knowledge about Language and Learner Autonomy
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     Chapter 154 Classroom Discourse: Approaches and Perspectives
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     Chapter 155 Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Classroom
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     Chapter 156 Teacher Language Awareness
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     Chapter 157 Technology and the Study of Awareness
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     Chapter 158 Knowledge About Bilingualism and Multilingualism
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     Chapter 159 Language Attitudes and Minority Languages
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     Chapter 160 Knowledge about Language and Linguistic Landscape
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     Chapter 161 Language Awareness in Multilinguals: Theoretical Trends
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     Chapter 162 Awareness Raising and Multilingualism in Primary Education
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     Chapter 163 Multilingual Language Awareness and Teacher Education
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     Chapter 164 Assessing Oral and Literate Abilities
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     Chapter 165 Assessment in Multilingual Societies
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     Chapter 166 Assessing Content and Language
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     Chapter 167 Assessing Communicative Language Ability: Models and Their Components
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     Chapter 168 Assessment at the Workplace
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     Chapter 169 Testing Aptitude for Second Language Learning
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     Chapter 170 Alternative Assessment
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     Chapter 171 Task and Performance Based Assessment
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     Chapter 172 Utilizing Technology in Language Assessment
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     Chapter 173 Large Scale Language Assessments
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     Chapter 174 Criteria for Evaluating Language Quality
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     Chapter 175 Methods of Test Validation
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     Chapter 176 Utilizing Qualitative Methods for Assessment
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     Chapter 177 Utilizing Psychometric Methods in Assessment
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     Chapter 178 Training in Language Assessment
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     Chapter 179 Using Corpora for Language Assessment
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     Chapter 180 Classroom‐Based Language Assessment
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     Chapter 181 Dynamic Assessment
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     Chapter 182 Language Assessment Culture
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     Chapter 183 Assessing Second/Additional Language of Diverse Populations
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     Chapter 184 Assessment in Indigenous Language Programmes
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     Chapter 185 Utilizing Accommodations in Assessment
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     Chapter 186 Washback, Impact and Consequences
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     Chapter 188 Assessing the Language of Young Learners
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     Chapter 189 High‐Stakes Tests as de facto Language Education Policies
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     Chapter 190 The Socio‐Political and Power Dimensions of Tests
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     Chapter 191 Ethics, Professionalism, Rights and Codes
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     Chapter 192 Language Assessment in Historical and Future Perspective
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     Chapter 193 Language Socialization: An Historical Overview
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     Chapter 194 Ecological Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition and Socialization
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     Chapter 195 Language Socialization and the Linguistic Anthropology Of Education
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     Chapter 196 The Critical Moment: Language Socialization and the (Re)visioning of First and Second Language Learning
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     Chapter 197 Language Socialization: A Systemic Functional Perspective
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     Chapter 198 Pragmatic Socialization
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     Chapter 199 Language Socialization and Family Dinnertime Discourse
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     Chapter 200 Language Socialization in Working Families
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     Chapter 201 Language Socialization and Multimodality in Multilingual Urban Homes
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     Chapter 202 Language Socialization in the home and Minority Language Revitalization in Europe
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     Chapter 203 Language Socialization and Gendered Practices in Childhood
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     Chapter 204 Language Socialization in Schools
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     Chapter 205 Language Socialization and Second/Foreign Language and Multilingual Education in Non‐Western Settings
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     Chapter 206 Language Socialization and Language Shift Among School‐Aged Children
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     Chapter 207 Heritage Language Learning and Socialization
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     Chapter 208 Language Socialization in the Learning Communities of Adolescents
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     Chapter 209 Gendered Second Language Socialization
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     Chapter 210 Academic Discourse Socialization in a Second Language
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     Chapter 211 Language Socialization, Higher Education, and Work
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     Chapter 212 Language Socialization in Canadian Aboriginal Communities
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     Chapter 213 Language Socialization in Deaf Communities
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     Chapter 214 Language Socialization in Online Communities
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     Chapter 215 Language Socialization in Japanese
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     Chapter 216 Language Socialization Among People with Mental Health Disorders
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     Chapter 217 A Human Rights Perspective on Language Ecology
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     Chapter 218 The Ecology of Language: Insight and Illusion
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     Chapter 219 Language Ecology and Language Ideology
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     Chapter 220 An Ecology Perspective on Language Planning
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     Chapter 221 The Ecology of Language Learning and Sociocultural Theory
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     Chapter 222 The Language Ecology of Australia's Community Languages
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     Chapter 223 The Language Ecology of Marginalised Ethno‐Linguistic Groups in Southern Africa
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     Chapter 224 The Language Ecology of Singapore
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     Chapter 225 Language Survival and Language Death in Multilingual Italy
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     Chapter 226 The Language Ecology of the Middle East: Jordan as a Case Study
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     Chapter 227 Indigenous Contributions to an Ecology of Language Learning in Latin America
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     Chapter 228 Language Ecology and Language Communities in the Malay World
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     Chapter 229 The Ecology of the Chinese Language in the United States
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     Chapter 230 Small Worlds: The Language Ecology of the Penan in Borneo
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     Chapter 231 The Moroccan Community in The Netherlands
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     Chapter 232 Policy, Practice and Power: Language Ecologies of South African Classrooms
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     Chapter 233 Language Ecologies and the Meaning of Diversity: Corsican Bilingual Education and the Concept of ‘Polynomie’
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     Chapter 234 Language Minority Education in Japan
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     Chapter 235 Ideology, Policy and Practice in Bilingual Classrooms: Brunei Darussalam
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     Chapter 236 Classroom Ecologies: a Case Study from a Gujarati Complementary School in England
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     Chapter 237 Continua of Biliteracy
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     Chapter 238 The Ecology of Literacy in Hong Kong
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     Chapter 239 The Ecology of Literacy and Language: Discourses, Identities and Practices in Homes, Schools and Communities
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     Chapter 240 Ecologies of New Literacies: Implications for Education
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     Chapter 241 Theoretical and Historical Perspectives on Researching the Sociology of Language and Education
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     Chapter 242 Sociology of Language and Education: Empirical and Global Perspectives
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     Chapter 243 Investigating Language Education Policy
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     Chapter 244 Researching Historical Perspectives on Language, Education and Ideology
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     Chapter 245 Survey Methods in Researching Language and Education
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     Chapter 246 Researching Language Loss and Revitalization
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     Chapter 247 Variationist Approaches to Language and Education
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     Chapter 248 Second Language Acquisition Research Methods
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     Chapter 249 Third Language Acquisition Research Methods
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     Chapter 250 Research Perspectives on Bilingualism and Bilingual Education
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     Chapter 251 Research Approaches to Narrative, Literacy, and Education
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     Chapter 252 Research Methods in the Study of Gender in Second/Foreign Language Education
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     Chapter 253 Ethnography and Language Education
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     Chapter 254 Researching Language Socialization
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     Chapter 255 Discourse Analysis in Educational Research
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     Chapter 256 Researching Developing Discourses and Competences in Immersion Classrooms
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     Chapter 257 Linguistic Ethnography
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     Chapter 258 Arts‐based Approaches to Inquiry in Language Education