Apoptosis is an energy-dependent enzymatic cell suicide process. It almost always involves the activation of caspases. In this chapter, we systemically introduce methodologies to assay caspases dependent biochemical and morphological changes in vitro breast cancer cell lines and in vivo breast cancer tissues. In addition, mitochondrial involvement is crucial to distinguish two different apoptotic pathways. Methodology to assay dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, an early event of mitochondrial involvement, is also included. Of note, since apoptotic features may not appear to the same extent depending on the context of cell types and the death-inducing insults, a common practice is to use more than one method to assess apoptosis, qualitatively and quantitatively.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
3
18%
Immunology and Microbiology
2
12%
Medicine and Dentistry
1
6%
Engineering
1
6%
Other
0
0%
Unknown
5
29%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 29 January 2016.
All research outputs
#23,957,771
of 26,673,263 outputs
Outputs from Methods in molecular biology
#11,453
of 14,523 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#347,865
of 404,506 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Methods in molecular biology
#1,076
of 1,447 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 26,673,263 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 14,523 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.6. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 404,506 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 1,447 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
