Chapter title |
Amygdala Pain Mechanisms
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 13 |
Book title |
Pain Control
|
Published in |
Handbook of experimental pharmacology, January 2015
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-662-46450-2_13 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-66-246449-6, 978-3-66-246450-2
|
Authors |
Volker Neugebauer, Neugebauer, Volker |
Abstract |
A limbic brain area, the amygdala plays a key role in emotional responses and affective states and disorders such as learned fear, anxiety, and depression. The amygdala has also emerged as an important brain center for the emotional-affective dimension of pain and for pain modulation. Hyperactivity in the laterocapsular division of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeLC, also termed the "nociceptive amygdala") accounts for pain-related emotional responses and anxiety-like behavior. Abnormally enhanced output from the CeLC is the consequence of an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms. Impaired inhibitory control mediated by a cluster of GABAergic interneurons in the intercalated cell masses (ITC) allows the development of glutamate- and neuropeptide-driven synaptic plasticity of excitatory inputs from the brainstem (parabrachial area) and from the lateral-basolateral amygdala network (LA-BLA, site of integration of polymodal sensory information). BLA hyperactivity also generates abnormally enhanced feedforward inhibition of principal cells in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a limbic cortical area that is strongly interconnected with the amygdala. Pain-related mPFC deactivation results in cognitive deficits and failure to engage cortically driven ITC-mediated inhibitory control of amygdala processing. Impaired cortical control allows the uncontrolled persistence of amygdala pain mechanisms. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Turkey | 1 | 20% |
United States | 1 | 20% |
Unknown | 3 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 5 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 268 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 50 | 18% |
Student > Bachelor | 44 | 16% |
Researcher | 33 | 12% |
Student > Master | 23 | 8% |
Other | 13 | 5% |
Other | 45 | 17% |
Unknown | 63 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Neuroscience | 69 | 25% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 40 | 15% |
Psychology | 27 | 10% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 22 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 3% |
Other | 28 | 10% |
Unknown | 76 | 28% |