Chapter title |
The Effect of Gender on Acute Hydrocephalus after Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
|
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Chapter number | 58 |
Book title |
Brain Edema XVI
|
Published in |
Acta neurochirurgica Supplement, January 2016
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-18497-5_58 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-918496-8, 978-3-31-918497-5
|
Authors |
Hajime Shishido, Haining Zhang, Shuichi Okubo, Ya Hua, Richard F. Keep, Guohua Xi |
Abstract |
Acute hydrocephalus is a common complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We investigated the effect of gender on acute hydrocephalus development in a rat SAH model. SAH was induced in adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats using endovascular perforation. Sham rats underwent the same procedure without perforation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed 24 h after SAH to determine ventricular volume. Hydrocephalus was defined as a ventricular volume that was more than 3 standard deviations from the mean value in sham-operated animals. After MRI, animals were euthanized and the extent of SAH was assessed using a modified grading system. No sham animals died. Mortality rates after SAH induction in male and female animals were 27 and 22 %, respectively. SAH induced significant ventricular enlargement compared with sham-operated rats (p < 0.01). The T2* hypointensity volume in the ventricle (used to assess intraventricular blood) was correlated with ventricular volume after SAH (r = 0.33, p < 0.05). The incidence of acute hydrocephalus 24 h after SAH was greater in female (75 %) than in male animals (47 %, p < 0.05) and the relative changes in ventricular volume were significantly larger in female than in male rats (292 ± 150 % vs 216 ± 127 % of sham-operated animals, respectively, p < 0.05). The increased hydrocephalus occurred even though SAH severity grade and ventricular T2* hypointensity volumes were not significantly different between male and female animals. Our data demonstrate that gender influences acute hydrocephalus development in a rat SAH model. Future studies should determine the role of estrogen in SAH-induced hydrocephalus. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 16 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 7 | 44% |
Unspecified | 1 | 6% |
Other | 1 | 6% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 6% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 1 | 6% |
Other | 2 | 13% |
Unknown | 3 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Neuroscience | 3 | 19% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 13% |
Unspecified | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 3 | 19% |