Chapter title |
The Role of Brain in Energy Balance
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 2 |
Book title |
Obesity and Brain Function
|
Published in |
Advances in neurobiology, January 2017
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-63260-5_2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-963259-9, 978-3-31-963260-5
|
Authors |
Paulo Matafome, Raquel Seiça, Matafome, Paulo, Seiça, Raquel |
Abstract |
Energy homeostasis is regulated by homeostatic and nonhomeostatic reward circuits which are closely integrated and interrelated. Before, during, and after meals, peripheral nutritional signals, through hormonal and neuronal pathways, are conveyed to selective brain areas, namely the hypothalamic nuclei and the brainstem, the main brain areas for energy balance regulation. These orexigenic and anorexigenic centers are held responsible for the integration of those signals and for an adequate output to peripheral organs involved in metabolism and energy homeostasis.Feeding includes also a hedonic behavior defined as food intake for pleasure independently of energy requirement. This nonhomeostatic regulation of energy balance is based on food reward properties, unrelated to nutritional demands, and involves areas like mesolimbic reward system, such as the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens, and also opioid, endocannabinoid, and dopamine systems.Herein, focus will be put on the brain circuits of homeostatic and nonhomeostatic regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 50% |
Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 69 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 14 | 20% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 10% |
Researcher | 7 | 10% |
Student > Master | 7 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 6% |
Other | 10 | 14% |
Unknown | 20 | 29% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 16 | 23% |
Neuroscience | 7 | 10% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 10% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 9% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 4% |
Other | 7 | 10% |
Unknown | 23 | 33% |