Chapter title |
Obesity-associated Breast Cancer: Analysis of risk factors
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 25 |
Book title |
Obesity and Lipotoxicity
|
Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, June 2017
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_25 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-948380-1, 978-3-31-948382-5
|
Authors |
Atilla Engin M.D., Ph.D., Engin, Atilla, Atilla Engin |
Editors |
Ayse Basak Engin, Atilla Engin |
Abstract |
Several studies show that a significantly stronger association is obvious between increased body mass index (BMI) and higher breast cancer incidence. Furthermore, obese women are at higher risk of all-cause and breast cancer specific mortality when compared to non-obese women with breast cancer. In this context, increased levels of estrogens due to excessive aromatization activity of the adipose tissue, overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, insulin resistance, hyperactivation of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) pathways, adipocyte-derived adipokines, hypercholesterolemia and excessive oxidative stress contribute to the development of breast cancer in obese women. While higher breast cancer risk with hormone replacement therapy is particularly evident among lean women, in postmenopausal women who are not taking exogenous hormones, general obesity is a significant predictor for breast cancer. Moreover, increased plasma cholesterol leads to accelerated tumor formation and exacerbates their aggressiveness. In contrast to postmenopausal women, premenopausal women with high BMI are inversely associated with breast cancer risk. Nevertheless, life-style of women for breast cancer risk is regulated by avoiding the overweight and a high-fat diet. Estrogen-plus-progestin hormone therapy users for more than 5 years have elevated risks of both invasive ductal and lobular breast cancer. Additionally, these cases are more commonly node-positive and have a higher cancer-related mortality. Collectively, in this chapter, the impacts of obesity-related estrogen, cholesterol, saturated fatty acid, leptin and adiponectin concentrations, aromatase activity, leptin and insulin resistance on breast cancer patients are evaluated. Obesity-related prognostic factors of breast cancer also are discussed at molecular basis. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 3 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Spain | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 256 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 38 | 15% |
Student > Master | 33 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 27 | 11% |
Student > Postgraduate | 15 | 6% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 13 | 5% |
Other | 34 | 13% |
Unknown | 97 | 38% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 50 | 19% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 38 | 15% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 17 | 7% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 16 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 11 | 4% |
Other | 18 | 7% |
Unknown | 107 | 42% |