Chapter title |
Anchoring of LPXTG-Like Proteins to the Gram-Positive Cell Wall Envelope
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 8 |
Book title |
Protein and Sugar Export and Assembly in Gram-positive Bacteria
|
Published in |
Current topics in microbiology and immunology, January 2016
|
DOI | 10.1007/82_2016_8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-956012-0, 978-3-31-956014-4
|
Authors |
Sara D. Siegel, Melissa E. Reardon, Hung Ton-That, Siegel, Sara D., Reardon, Melissa E., Ton-That, Hung |
Abstract |
In Gram-positive bacteria, protein precursors with a signal peptide and a cell wall sorting signal (CWSS)-which begins with an LPXTG motif, followed by a hydrophobic domain and a tail of positively charged residues-are targeted to the cell envelope by a transpeptidase enzyme call sortase. Evolution and selective pressure gave rise to six classes of sortase, i.e., SrtA-F. Only class C sortases are capable of polymerizing substrates harboring the pilin motif and CWSS into protein polymers known as pili or fimbriae, whereas the others perform cell wall anchoring functions. Regardless of the products generated from these sortases, the basic principle of sortase-catalyzed transpeptidation is the same. It begins with the cleavage of the LPXTG motif, followed by the cross-linking of this cleaved product at the threonine residue to a nucleophile, i.e., an active amino group of the peptidoglycan stem peptide or the lysine residue of the pilin motif. This chapter will summarize the efforts to identify and characterize sortases and their associated pathways with emphasis on the cell wall anchoring function. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 36 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 28% |
Researcher | 5 | 14% |
Student > Master | 4 | 11% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 8% |
Professor | 2 | 6% |
Other | 4 | 11% |
Unknown | 8 | 22% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 28% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 14% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 11% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 8% |
Chemistry | 3 | 8% |
Other | 5 | 14% |
Unknown | 6 | 17% |