Chapter 1 The Origin of the Bacterial Immune Response

Chapter 2 The Evolution of Self During the Transition to Multicellularity

Chapter 3 Glyconectin Glycans as the Self-Assembling Nano-Molecular-Velcrosystem Mediating Self-Nonself Recognition and Adhesion Implicated in Evolution of Multicellularity

Chapter 4 Neglected Biological Features in Cnidarians Self-Nonself Recognition

Chapter 5 Intracellular Inflammatory Sensors for Foreign Invaders and Substances of Self-Origin

Chapter 6 Nonself Perception in Plant Innate Immunity

Chapter 8 Signaling Pathways that Regulate Life and Cell Death: Evolution of Apoptosis in the Context of Self-Defense

Chapter 9 Sensing necrotic cells.

Chapter 10 Sensing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Chapter 11 Autophagy and Self-Defense

Chapter 12 Viruses and Host Evolution: Virus-Mediated Self Identity

Chapter 13 The Evolution of Adaptive Immunity

Chapter 14 Epigenetic code and self-identity.

Chapter 15 Viral Immunomodulatory Proteins: Usurping Host Genes as a Survival Strategy

Chapter 16 The Emergence of the Major Histocompatilibility Complex

Chapter 17 MHC Signaling during Social Communication