| Chapter title |
Exercise Training and Epigenetic Regulation: Multilevel Modification and Regulation of Gene Expression
|
|---|---|
| Chapter number | 16 |
| Book title |
Exercise for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment
|
| Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, January 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/978-981-10-4304-8_16 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Book ISBNs |
978-9-81-104303-1, 978-9-81-104304-8
|
| Authors |
Ursula Paula Renó Soci, Stephano Freitas Soares Melo, João Lucas Penteado Gomes, André Casanova Silveira, Clara Nóbrega, Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira |
| Abstract |
Exercise training elicits acute and adaptive long term changes in human physiology that mediate the improvement of performance and health state. The responses are integrative and orchestrated by several mechanisms, as gene expression. Gene expression is essential to construct the adaptation of the biological system to exercise training, since there are molecular processes mediating oxidative and non-oxidative metabolism, angiogenesis, cardiac and skeletal myofiber hypertrophy, and other processes that leads to a greater physiological status. Epigenetic is the field that studies about gene expression changes heritable by meiosis and mitosis, by changes in chromatin and DNA conformation, but not in DNA sequence, that studies the regulation on gene expression that is independent of genotype. The field approaches mechanisms of DNA and chromatin conformational changes that inhibit or increase gene expression and determine tissue specific pattern. The three major studied epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, Histone modification, and regulation of noncoding RNA-associated genes. This review elucidates these mechanisms, focusing on the relationship between them and their relationship with exercise training, physical performance and the enhancement of health status. On this chapter, we clarified the relationship of epigenetic modulations and their intimal relationship with acute and chronic effect of exercise training, concentrating our effort on skeletal muscle, heart and vascular responses, that are the most responsive systems against to exercise training and play crucial role on physical performance and improvement of health state. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 4 | 31% |
| Australia | 2 | 15% |
| South Africa | 1 | 8% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 8% |
| Brazil | 1 | 8% |
| Chile | 1 | 8% |
| Japan | 1 | 8% |
| Unknown | 2 | 15% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 5 | 38% |
| Scientists | 4 | 31% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 23% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 77 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 12 | 16% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 10 | 13% |
| Researcher | 9 | 12% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 5% |
| Other | 12 | 16% |
| Unknown | 20 | 26% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 20 | 26% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 11 | 14% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 9% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 6% |
| Sports and Recreations | 4 | 5% |
| Other | 7 | 9% |
| Unknown | 23 | 30% |