Chapter title |
The microRNA Machinery
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 2 |
Book title |
microRNA: Basic Science
|
Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, January 2015
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-22380-3_2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-922379-7, 978-3-31-922380-3
|
Authors |
Thomas C. Roberts, Roberts, Thomas C. |
Abstract |
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (~22 nucleotides) single-stranded RNA molecules that primarily function to negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs have thus been implicated in the regulation of a wide variety of normal cell functions and pathophysiological conditions. The miRNA machinery consists of a series of protein complexes which act to: (1) cleave the precursor-miRNA hairpin from its primary transcript (i.e. DROSHA and DGCR8); (2) traffic the miRNA hairpin between nucleus and cytoplasm (i.e. XPO5); (3) remove the loop sequence of the hairpin by a second nucleolytic cleavage reaction (i.e. DICER1); (4) facilitate loading of the mature miRNA sequence into an Argonaute protein (typically AGO2) as part of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC); (5) guide the loaded RISC complex to complementary, or semi-complementary, target transcripts and (6) facilitate gene silencing via one of several possible mechanisms. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 38 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 7 | 18% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 5 | 13% |
Researcher | 5 | 13% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 8% |
Other | 3 | 8% |
Unknown | 9 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 13 | 34% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 18% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 8% |
Chemistry | 2 | 5% |
Social Sciences | 1 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 8% |
Unknown | 9 | 24% |