| Chapter title |
Obesity and Colorectal Cancer
|
|---|---|
| Chapter number | 2 |
| Book title |
Obesity and Cancer
|
| Published in |
Recent results in cancer research Fortschritte der Krebsforschung Progrès dans les recherches sur le cancer, December 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-42542-9_2 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-942540-5, 978-3-31-942542-9
|
| Authors |
Carmen Jochem, Michael Leitzmann, Jochem, Carmen, Leitzmann, Michael |
| Editors |
Tobias Pischon, Katharina Nimptsch |
| Abstract |
There is strong evidence that modifiable lifestyle factors such as obesity play a key role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Epidemiologic data have consistently reported a positive association between obesity and colorectal cancer. The relative risk associated with general obesity (as assessed by BMI) is higher in men than in women and for cancer of the colon than for cancer of the rectum. Abdominal obesity (as assessed by waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-hip ratio) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in both sexes, with stronger associations for cancer of the colon than for cancer of the rectum. Plausible biological mechanisms include insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, altered levels of growth factors, adipocytokines and steroid hormones. In addition to its effect on colorectal cancer incidence, obesity may play a role in colorectal cancer recurrence, treatment outcomes and survival. Understanding the effects of childhood and adolescent obesity and weight change over the life course in relation to future risk of colorectal cancer is incomplete but essential for targeted preventive recommendations. This chapter summarizes the current evidence on the relationship between obesity and colorectal cancer and colorectal adenoma, a common precursor lesion. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 187 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 30 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 26 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 13% |
| Researcher | 22 | 12% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 13 | 7% |
| Other | 26 | 14% |
| Unknown | 45 | 24% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 53 | 28% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 24 | 13% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 20 | 11% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 8 | 4% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 4% |
| Other | 19 | 10% |
| Unknown | 56 | 30% |