Chapter title |
Assessing the Effectiveness of Ramp-Up During Sonar Operations Using Exposure Models.
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 150 |
Book title |
The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life II
|
Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, January 2016
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_150 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-1-4939-2980-1, 978-1-4939-2981-8
|
Authors |
Alexander M. von Benda-Beckmann, Paul J. Wensveen, Petter H. Kvadsheim, Frans-Peter A. Lam, Patrick J. O. Miller, Peter L. Tyack, Michael A. Ainslie, von Benda-Beckmann, Alexander M, Wensveen, Paul J, Kvadsheim, Petter H, Lam, Frans-Peter A, Miller, Patrick J O, Tyack, Peter L, Ainslie, Michael A, von Benda-Beckmann, Alexander M., Wensveen, Paul J., Kvadsheim, Petter H., Lam, Frans-Peter A., Miller, Patrick J. O., Tyack, Peter L., Ainslie, Michael A., Benda-Beckmann, Alexander M. |
Editors |
Arthur N. Popper, Anthony Hawkins |
Abstract |
Ramp-up procedures are used to mitigate the impact of sound on marine mammals. Sound exposure models combined with observations of marine mammals responding to sound can be used to assess the effectiveness of ramp-up procedures. We found that ramp-up procedures before full-level sonar operations can reduce the risk of hearing threshold shifts with marine mammals, but their effectiveness depends strongly on the responsiveness of the animals. In this paper, we investigated the effect of sonar parameters (source level, pulse-repetition time, ship speed) on sound exposure by using a simple analytical model and highlight the mechanisms that limit the effectiveness of ramp-up procedures. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 16 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 25% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 19% |
Student > Master | 2 | 13% |
Other | 1 | 6% |
Librarian | 1 | 6% |
Other | 2 | 13% |
Unknown | 3 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 44% |
Environmental Science | 1 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 6% |
Computer Science | 1 | 6% |
Psychology | 1 | 6% |
Other | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 4 | 25% |