Chapter title |
EAAT2 and the Molecular Signature of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 6 |
Book title |
Glial Amino Acid Transporters
|
Published in |
Advances in neurobiology, January 2017
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-55769-4_6 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-955767-0, 978-3-31-955769-4
|
Authors |
Lauren Taylor Rosenblum, Davide Trotti, Rosenblum, Lauren Taylor, Trotti, Davide |
Abstract |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapid and fatal neurodegenerative disease, primarily affecting upper and lower motor neurons. It is an extremely heterogeneous disease in both cause and symptom development, and its mechanisms of pathogenesis remain largely unknown. Excitotoxicity, a process caused by excessive glutamate signaling, is believed to play a substantial role, however. Excessive glutamate release, changes in postsynaptic glutamate receptors, and reduction of functional astrocytic glutamate transporters contribute to excitotoxicity in ALS. Here, we explore the roles of each, with a particular emphasis on glutamate transporters and attempts to increase them as therapy for ALS. Screening strategies have been employed to find compounds that increase the functional excitatory amino acid transporter EAAT2 (GLT1), which is responsible for the vast majority of glutamate clearance. One such compound, ceftriaxone, was recently tested in clinical trials but unfortunately did not modify disease course, though its effect on EAAT2 expression in patients was not measured. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 69 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 15 | 22% |
Student > Bachelor | 12 | 17% |
Student > Master | 7 | 10% |
Lecturer | 2 | 3% |
Researcher | 2 | 3% |
Other | 6 | 9% |
Unknown | 25 | 36% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Neuroscience | 17 | 25% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 11 | 16% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 7% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 6% |
Chemistry | 3 | 4% |
Other | 3 | 4% |
Unknown | 26 | 38% |