| Chapter title |
Using 32-Cell Stage Xenopus Embryos to Probe PCP Signaling.
|
|---|---|
| Chapter number | 8 |
| Book title |
Planar Cell Polarity
|
| Published in |
Methods in molecular biology, January 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1007/978-1-61779-510-7_8 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Book ISBNs |
978-1-61779-509-1, 978-1-61779-510-7
|
| Authors |
Lee HS, Sokol SY, Moody SA, Daar IO, Hyun-Shik Lee, Sergei Y. Sokol, Sally A. Moody, Ira O. Daar |
| Abstract |
Use of loss-of function (via antisense Morpholino oligonucleotides (MOs)) or over-expression of proteins in epithelial cells during early embryogenesis of Xenopus embryos, can be a powerful tool to understand how signaling molecules can affect developmental events. The techniques described here are useful for examining the roles of proteins in cell-cell adhesion, and planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling in cell movement. We describe how to target specific regions within the embryos by injecting an RNA encoding a tracer molecule along with RNA encoding your protein of interest or an antisense MO to knock-down a particular protein within a specific blastomere of the embryo. Effects on cell-cell adhesion, cell movement, and endogenous or exogenous protein localization can be assessed at later stages in specific targeted tissues using fluorescent microscopy and immunolocalization. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 1 | 50% |
| Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | 29% |
| Unknown | 5 | 71% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Professor | 2 | 29% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 29% |
| Researcher | 2 | 29% |
| Student > Master | 1 | 14% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 1 | 14% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 71% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 29% |