Nanotechniques Inactivate Cancer Stem Cells

Anatoliy N. Goltsev, Natalya N. Babenko, Yulia A. Gaevskaya, Nikolay A. Bondarovich, Tatiana G. Dubrava, Maksim V. Ostankov, Olga V. Chelombitko, Yuriy V. Malyukin, Vladimir K. Klochkov, Nataliya S. Kavok

One of the tasks of current oncology is identification of cancer stem cells and search of therapeutic means capable of their specific inhibition. The paper presents the data on phenotype characteristics of Ehrlich carcinoma cells as convenient and easy-to-follow model of tumor growth. The evidence of cancer stem cells as a part of Ehrlich carcinoma and significance of CD44(+) and CD44(-) subpopulations in maintaining the growth of this type of tumor were demonstrated. A high (tenfold) tumorigenic activity of the Ehrlich carcinoma CD44(+) cells if compared to CD44(-) cells was proven. In this pair of comparison, the CD44(+) cells had a higher potential of generating in peritoneal cavity of CD44(high), CD44(+)CD24(-), CD44(+)CD24(+) cell subpopulations, highlighting the presence of cancer stem cells in a pool of CD44(+) cells.In this study, the ability of synthesized hybrid nanocomplexes, comprising the nanoparticles of rare earth orthovanadates GdYVO4:Eu(3+) and cholesterol to inhibit the tumor growth and to increase the survival of the animals with tumors was established. A special contribution into tumor-inhibiting effect is made by each of its components. Treatment of Ehrlich carcinoma cells with two-component hybrid complex resulted in maximum reduction in the concentration of the most tumorigenic CD44(high) cells with simultaneous rise in the number of CD117(+) cells that decreased an intensity of tumor growth by 74.70 ± 4.38% if compared with the control.