Chapter title |
Interactions Between Bacteria and the Gut Mucosa: Do Enteric Neurotransmitters Acting on the Mucosal Epithelium Influence Intestinal Colonization or Infection?
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 5 |
Book title |
Microbial Endocrinology: Interkingdom Signaling in Infectious Disease and Health
|
Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, January 2016
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_5 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-920214-3, 978-3-31-920215-0
|
Authors |
Green, Benedict T, Brown, David R, Green, Benedict T., Brown, David R. |
Abstract |
The intestinal epithelium is a critical barrier between the internal and external milieux of the mammalian host. Epithelial interactions between these two host environments have been shown to be modulated by several different, cross-communicating cell types residing in the gut mucosa. These include enteric neurons, whose activity is influenced by bacterial pathogens, and their secreted products. Neurotransmitters appear to influence epithelial associations with bacteria in the intestinal lumen. For example, internalization of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7 into the Peyer's patch mucosa of the small intestine is altered after the inhibition of neural activity with saxitoxin, a neuronal sodium channel blocker. Catecholamine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, also alter bacterial internalization in Peyer's patches. In the large intestine, norepinephrine increases the mucosal adherence of E. coli. These neurotransmitter actions are mediated by well-defined catecholamine receptors situated on the basolateral membranes of epithelial cells rather than through direct interactions with luminal bacteria. Investigations of the involvement of neuroepithelial communication in the regulation of interactions between the intestinal mucosa and luminal bacteria will provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying bacterial colonization and pathogenesis at mucosal surfaces. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Iceland | 1 | 20% |
United States | 1 | 20% |
Unknown | 3 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 5 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 31 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 23% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 13% |
Student > Master | 4 | 13% |
Researcher | 4 | 13% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 10% |
Other | 5 | 16% |
Unknown | 4 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 16% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 16% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 10% |
Psychology | 3 | 10% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 2 | 6% |
Other | 8 | 26% |
Unknown | 5 | 16% |