Chapter 1 Unlocking the Doors to the Past: Recent Developments in Climate and Climate Impact Research

Chapter 2 Pre-Instrumental Weather Observations in Poland in the 16 th and 17 th Centuries

Chapter 3 The Late Maunder Minimum (1675–1715) — Climax of the ‘Little Ice Age’ in Europe

Chapter 4 Early European Instrumental Records

Chapter 5 Circulation Changes in Europe since the 1780s

Chapter 6 A Millennium of Weather, Winds and Water in the Low Countries

Chapter 7 Long Climatic series from Austria

Chapter 8 The Onset of the Little Ice Age

Chapter 9 Sea Ice-Climate-Glacier Relationships in Northern Iceland since the Nineteenth Century: Possible Analogues for the Holocene

Chapter 10 The Impact of Short-Term Climate Change on British and French Agriculture and Population in the First Half of the 18 th Century

Chapter 11 Bons Baisers d’Islande : Climatic, Environmental, and Human Dimensions Impacts of the Lakagígar Eruption (1783–1784) in Iceland

Chapter 13 Climate and Human Health Linkages on Multiple Timescales