Behavioral Neurobiology of PTSD

Amy J. Jak, Laura D. Crocker, Robin L. Aupperle, Ashley Clausen, Jessica Bomyea, Jak, Amy J., Crocker, Laura D., Aupperle, Robin L., Clausen, Ashley, Bomyea, Jessica

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is classified as a traumatic stress-related condition and is most often discussed in terms of emotional dysfunction. However, given that cognitive and emotional processes are intricately intertwined, implemented by overlapping brain networks, and effectively integrated in at least some of the same regions (e.g., prefrontal cortex, for a review, see [1]), an abundance of literature now highlights the key role that cognitive functioning plays in both the development and maintenance (or exacerbation) of PTSD symptoms [2, 3]. Findings from this body of work detail objective impairment in neuropsychological function in those with PTSD [4-6]. Yet despite the impact of neurocognition on PTSD treatment engagement and success (e.g., [7, 8]) and conversely, the role of PTSD treatment in normalizing cognitive dysfunction, a much smaller literature exists on neurocognitive changes following treatment for PTSD. Even aside from its role in treatment, cognitive functioning in PTSD has significant implications for daily functioning for individuals with this disorder, as cognition is predictive of school achievement, obtaining and maintaining employment, job advancement, maintaining relationships, greater wealth, and better health and quality of life (e.g., [9]).