Chapter title |
Arsenic Induction of Metallothionein and Metallothionein Induction Against Arsenic Cytotoxicity.
|
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Chapter number | 2 |
Book title |
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 240
|
Published in |
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, April 2016
|
DOI | 10.1007/398_2016_2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-942299-2, 978-3-31-942300-5
|
Authors |
Mohammad Tariqur Rahman, Marc De Ley, Rahman, Mohammad Tariqur, De Ley, Marc, Ley, Marc |
Abstract |
Human exposure to arsenic (As) can lead to oxidative stress that can become evident in organs such as the skin, liver, kidneys and lungs. Several intracellular antioxidant defense mechanisms including glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) have been shown to minimize As cytotoxicity. The current review summarizes the involvement of MT as an intracellular defense mechanism against As cytotoxicity, mostly in blood. Zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) supplements are also proposed as a possible remediation of As cytotoxicity. In vivo and in vitro studies on As toxicity were reviewed to summarize cytotoxic mechanisms of As. Intracellular antioxidant defense mechanisms of MT are linked in relation to As cytotoxicity. Arsenic uses a different route, compared to major metal MT inducers such as Zn, to enter/exit blood cells. A number of in vivo and in vitro studies showed that upregulated MT biosynthesis in blood components are related to toxic levels of As. Despite the cysteine residues in MT that aid to bind As, MT is not the preferred binding protein for As. Nonetheless, intracellular oxidative stress due to As toxicity can be minimized, if not eliminated, by MT. Thus MT induction by essential metals such as Zn and Se supplementation could be beneficial to fight against As toxicity. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 24 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 17% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 13% |
Student > Postgraduate | 2 | 8% |
Researcher | 2 | 8% |
Other | 5 | 21% |
Unknown | 4 | 17% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Environmental Science | 3 | 13% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 13% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 2 | 8% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 8% |
Social Sciences | 2 | 8% |
Other | 5 | 21% |
Unknown | 7 | 29% |