Chapter title |
Motivational Deficits in Schizophrenia and the Representation of Expected Value.
|
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Chapter number | 385 |
Book title |
Behavioral Neuroscience of Motivation
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Published in |
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, September 2015
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DOI | 10.1007/7854_2015_385 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-926933-7, 978-3-31-926935-1
|
Authors |
Waltz, James A, Gold, James M, James A. Waltz, James M. Gold, Waltz, James A., Gold, James M. |
Editors |
Eleanor H. Simpson, Peter D. Balsam |
Abstract |
Motivational deficits (avolition and anhedonia ) have historically been considered important negative symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ). Numerous studies have attempted to identify the neural substrates of avolition and anhedonia in schizophrenia , but these studies have not produced much agreement. Deficits in various aspects of reinforcement processing have been observed in individuals with schizophrenia, but it is not exactly clear which of these deficits actually engender motivational impairments in SZ. The purpose of this chapter is to examine how various reinforcement-related behavioral and neural signals could contribute to motivational impairments in both schizophrenia and psychiatric illness, in general. In particular, we describe different aspects of the concept of expected value (EV) , such as the distinction between the EV of stimuli and the expected value of actions, the acquisition of value versus the estimation of value, and the discounting of value as a consequence of time or effort required. We conclude that avolition and anhedonia in SZ are most commonly tied to aberrant signals for expected value, in the context of learning. We discuss implications for further research on the neural substrates of motivational impairments in psychiatric illness. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 83 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 20 | 24% |
Researcher | 16 | 19% |
Student > Master | 9 | 11% |
Student > Postgraduate | 6 | 7% |
Other | 5 | 6% |
Other | 13 | 16% |
Unknown | 14 | 17% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Psychology | 27 | 33% |
Neuroscience | 17 | 20% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 10% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 5% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 2% |
Other | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 24 | 29% |