| Chapter title |
Cytokine Storm Plays a Direct Role in the Morbidity and Mortality from Influenza Virus Infection and is Chemically Treatable with a Single Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Agonist Molecule.
|
|---|---|
| Chapter number | 6 |
| Book title |
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in Immunology and Infectious Diseases
|
| Published in |
Current topics in microbiology and immunology, April 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-05879-5_6 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-905878-8, 978-3-31-905879-5
|
| Authors |
Oldstone MB, Rosen H, Michael B. A. Oldstone, Hugh Rosen, Oldstone, Michael B. A., Rosen, Hugh |
| Abstract |
Cytokine storm defines a dysregulation of and an excessively exaggerated immune response most often accompanying selected viral infections and several autoimmune diseases. Newly emerging and re-emerging infections of the respiratory tract, especially influenza, SARS, and hantavirus post considerable medical problems. Their morbidities and mortalities are often a direct result of cytokine storm. This chapter visits primarily influenza virus infection and resultant cytokine storm. It provides the compelling evidence that illuminates cytokine storm in influenza pathogenesis and the clear findings that cytokine storm is chemically tractable by therapy directed toward sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulation, specifically S1P1R agonist therapy. The mechanism(s) of how S1P1R signaling works and the pathways involved are subjects of this review. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 1 | 25% |
| United States | 1 | 25% |
| Unknown | 2 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 45 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 9 | 20% |
| Other | 8 | 18% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 9% |
| Lecturer | 3 | 7% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 3 | 7% |
| Other | 6 | 13% |
| Unknown | 12 | 27% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Immunology and Microbiology | 7 | 16% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 11% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 11% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 9% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 7% |
| Other | 8 | 18% |
| Unknown | 13 | 29% |