| Chapter title |
A Perspective on Dietary Phytochemicals and Cancer Chemoprevention: Oxidative Stress, Nrf2, and Epigenomics.
|
|---|---|
| Chapter number | 340 |
| Book title |
Natural Products in Cancer Prevention and Therapy
|
| Published in |
Topics in current chemistry, July 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1007/128_2012_340 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Book ISBNs |
978-3-64-234574-6, 978-3-64-234575-3
|
| Authors |
Su ZY, Shu L, Khor TO, Lee JH, Fuentes F, Kong AN, John M. Pezzuto, Nanjoo Suh, Zheng-Yuan Su, Limin Shu, Tin Oo Khor, Jong Hun Lee, Francisco Fuentes, Ah-Ng Tony Kong, Su, Zheng-Yuan, Shu, Limin, Khor, Tin Oo, Lee, Jong Hun, Fuentes, Francisco, Kong, Ah-Ng Tony |
| Editors |
John M. Pezzuto, Nanjoo Suh |
| Abstract |
Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and the antioxidative stress defense systems in cells. ROS/RNS or carcinogen metabolites can attack intracellular proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which can result in genetic mutations, carcinogenesis, and other diseases. Nrf2 plays a critical role in the regulation of many antioxidative stress/antioxidant and detoxification enzyme genes, such as glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), UDP-glucuronyl transferases (UGTs), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), directly via the antioxidant response element (ARE). Recently, many studies have shown that dietary phytochemicals possess cancer chemopreventive potential through the induction of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant/detoxification enzymes and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways to protect organisms against cellular damage caused by oxidative stress. In addition, carcinogenesis can be caused by epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications in tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that several naturally occurring dietary phytochemicals can epigenetically modify the chromatin, including reactivating Nrf2 via demethylation of CpG islands and the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and/or histone acetyltransferases (HATs). The advancement and development of dietary phytochemicals in cancer chemoprevention research requires the integration of the known, and as-yet-unknown, compounds with the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant, detoxification, and anti-inflammatory systems and their in vitro and in vivo epigenetic mechanisms; human clinical efficacy studies must also be performed. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Croatia | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 19 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Other | 3 | 15% |
| Researcher | 3 | 15% |
| Student > Master | 2 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 1 | 5% |
| Lecturer | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 9 | 45% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 15% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 10% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 10% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 5% |
| Social Sciences | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 10 | 50% |