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Doping in sports

Overview of attention for book
Cover of 'Doping in sports'

Table of Contents

  1. Altmetric Badge
    Book Overview
  2. Altmetric Badge
    Chapter 1 History of Doping and Doping Control
  3. Altmetric Badge
    Chapter 2 Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Endogenous Androgens
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    Chapter 3 Phase-II Metabolism of Androgens and Its Relevance for Doping Control Analysis
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    Chapter 4 Detecting the Administration of Endogenous Anabolic Androgenic Steroids
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    Chapter 5 Synthetic Anabolic Agents: Steroids and Nonsteroidal Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators
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    Chapter 6 Nandrolone: A Multi-Faceted Doping Agent
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    Chapter 7 Designer steroids.
  9. Altmetric Badge
    Chapter 8 Growth hormone.
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    Chapter 9 Mass Spectrometry-Based Analysis of IGF-1 and hGH
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    Chapter 10 Insulin
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    Chapter 11 β-Adrenergic Stimulation
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    Chapter 12 Erythropoietin and Analogs
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    Chapter 13 Doping in Sports
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    Chapter 14 The Athlete’s Biological Passport and Indirect Markers of Blood Doping
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    Chapter 15 Masking and Manipulation
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    Chapter 16 Hormonal growth promoting agents in food producing animals.
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    Chapter 17 Some Aspects of Doping and Medication Control in Equine Sports
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    Chapter 18 Androgenic anabolic steroid abuse and the cardiovascular system.
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    Chapter 19 Side Effects of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Pathological Findings and Structure–Activity Relationships
  21. Altmetric Badge
    Chapter 20 Gene Doping
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    Chapter 21 Science and the Rules Governing Anti-Doping Violations
Attention for Chapter 8: Growth hormone.
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About this Attention Score

  • In the top 25% of all research outputs scored by Altmetric
  • Among the highest-scoring outputs from this source (#41 of 650)
  • High Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age (96th percentile)
  • High Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age and source (93rd percentile)

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2 YouTube creators

Citations

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Chapter title
Growth hormone.
Chapter number 8
Book title
Doping in Sports: Biochemical Principles, Effects and Analysis
Published in
Handbook of experimental pharmacology, September 2009
DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_8
Pubmed ID
Book ISBNs
978-3-54-079087-7, 978-3-54-079088-4
Authors

Bidlingmaier M, Strasburger CJ, Martin Bidlingmaier, Christian J. Strasburger, Bidlingmaier, Martin, Strasburger, Christian J.

Editors

Detlef Thieme, Peter Hemmersbach

Abstract

Human growth hormone (hGH) is a proteohormone secreted by the pituitary gland. It acts through binding to the hGH receptor, inducing either direct effects or initiating the production of insulin-like growth-factor I (IGF-I), the most important mediator of hGH effects. Growth hormone is primarily known to promote longitudinal growth in children and adolescents, but has also various important metabolic functions throughout adult life. Effects of hGH on the adult organism are well established from studies with recombinant growth hormone (rhGH) therapy in growth hormone deficient subjects. In this particular group of patients, replacement of hGH leads to increased lipolysis and lean body mass, decreased fat mass, improvements in VO(2max), and maximal power output. Although extrapolation from these findings to the situation in well trained healthy subjects is impossible, and controlled studies in healthy subjects are scarce, abuse of hGH seems to be popular among athletes trying to enhance physical performance. Detection of the application of rhGH is difficult, especially because the amino acid sequence of rhGH is identical to the major 22,000 Da isoform of hGH normally secreted by the pituitary. Furthermore, some physiological properties of hGH secretion also hindered the development of a doping test: secreted in a pulsatile manner, it has a very short half-life in circulation, which leads to highly variable serum levels. Concentration alone therefore cannot prove the exogenous administration of hGH.Two approaches have independently been developed for the detection of hGH doping: The so-called "marker approach" investigates changes in hGH-dependent parameters like IGF-I or components of bone and collagen metabolism, which are increased after hGH injection. In contrast, the so-called "isoform approach" directly analyses the spectrum of molecular isoforms in circulation: the pituitary gland secretes a spectrum of homo- and heterodimers and - multimers of a variable spectrum of hGH isoforms, whereas rhGH consists of the monomeric 22,000 Da isoform only. This isoform therefore becomes predominant after injection of rhGH. Specific immunoassays with preference for the one or the other isoform allow analysis of the relative abundance of the 22,000 Da isoform. Application of rhGH can be proven when the ratio of this isoform relative to the others is increased above a certain threshold. Because the "marker method" and the "isoform method" have a different window of opportunity for detection, complementary use of both tests could be a way to increase the likelihood of detecting cheating athletes.

X Demographics

X Demographics

The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 93 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Brazil 1 1%
Unknown 92 99%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Bachelor 19 20%
Student > Master 12 13%
Student > Ph. D. Student 9 10%
Student > Postgraduate 7 8%
Researcher 4 4%
Other 13 14%
Unknown 29 31%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 18 19%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 13 14%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 6 6%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 6 6%
Sports and Recreations 4 4%
Other 11 12%
Unknown 35 38%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 29. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 29 September 2022.
All research outputs
#1,200,440
of 23,437,201 outputs
Outputs from Handbook of experimental pharmacology
#41
of 650 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#3,331
of 95,193 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Handbook of experimental pharmacology
#1
of 15 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,437,201 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 94th percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 650 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 9.5. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 93% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 95,193 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 96% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 15 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 93% of its contemporaries.