Chapter title |
Assessment of Human Exposure to ENMs.
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 2 |
Book title |
Modelling the Toxicity of Nanoparticles
|
Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, February 2017
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-47754-1_2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-947752-7, 978-3-31-947754-1
|
Authors |
Araceli Sánchez Jiménez, Martie van Tongeren, Jiménez, Araceli Sánchez, van Tongeren, Martie |
Editors |
Lang Tran, Miguel A. Bañares, Robert Rallo |
Abstract |
Human exposure assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is hampered, among other factors, by the difficulty to differentiate ENM from other nanomaterials (incidental to processes or naturally occurring) and the lack of a single metric that can be used for health risk assessment. It is important that the exposure assessment is carried out throughout the entire life-cycle as releases can occur at the different stages of the product life-cycle, from the synthesis, manufacture of the nano-enable product (occupational exposure) to the professional and consumer use of nano-enabled product (consumer exposure) and at the end of life.Occupational exposure surveys should follow a tiered approach, increasing in complexity in terms of instruments used and sampling strategy applied with higher tiers in order tailor the exposure assessment to the specific materials used and workplace exposure scenarios and to reduce uncertainty in assessment of exposure. Assessment of consumer exposure and of releases from end-of-life processes currently relies on release testing of nano-enabled products in laboratory settings. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 17 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 7 | 41% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 1 | 6% |
Lecturer | 1 | 6% |
Student > Master | 1 | 6% |
Other | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 4 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Environmental Science | 3 | 18% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 12% |
Chemical Engineering | 1 | 6% |
Arts and Humanities | 1 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 6% |
Other | 3 | 18% |
Unknown | 6 | 35% |