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Behavioral Neuroscience of Orexin/Hypocretin

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Attention for Chapter 46: Orexin and Central Modulation of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function
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Chapter title
Orexin and Central Modulation of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function
Chapter number 46
Book title
Behavioral Neuroscience of Orexin/Hypocretin
Published in
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, December 2016
DOI 10.1007/7854_2016_46
Pubmed ID
Book ISBNs
978-3-31-957534-6, 978-3-31-957535-3
Authors

Carrive, Pascal, Kuwaki, Tomoyuki, Pascal Carrive, Tomoyuki Kuwaki

Abstract

Orexin makes an important contribution to the regulation of cardiorespiratory function. When injected centrally under anesthesia, orexin increases blood pressure, heart rate, sympathetic nerve activity, and the amplitude and frequency of respiration. This is consistent with the location of orexin neurons in the hypothalamus and the distribution of orexin terminals at all levels of the central autonomic and respiratory network. These cardiorespiratory responses are components of arousal and are necessary to allow the expression of motivated behaviors. Thus, orexin contributes to the cardiorespiratory response to acute stressors, especially those of a psychogenic nature. Consequently, upregulation of orexin signaling, whether it is spontaneous or environmentally induced, can increase blood pressure and lead to hypertension, as is the case for the spontaneously hypertensive rat and the hypertensive BPH/2J Schlager mouse. Blockade of orexin receptors will reduce blood pressure in these animals, which could be a new pharmacological approach for the treatment of some forms of hypertension. Orexin can also magnify the respiratory reflex to hypercapnia in order to maintain respiratory homeostasis, and this may be in part why it is upregulated during obstructive sleep apnea. In this pathological condition, blockade of orexin receptors would make the apnea worse. To summarize, orexin is an important modulator of cardiorespiratory function. Acting on orexin signaling may help in the treatment of some cardiovascular and respiratory disorders.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 26 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 26 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 4 15%
Researcher 4 15%
Other 3 12%
Student > Bachelor 2 8%
Professor 1 4%
Other 4 15%
Unknown 8 31%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Neuroscience 6 23%
Medicine and Dentistry 6 23%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 2 8%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 2 8%
Nursing and Health Professions 1 4%
Other 1 4%
Unknown 8 31%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 01 September 2017.
All research outputs
#15,442,314
of 22,952,268 outputs
Outputs from Current topics in behavioral neurosciences
#322
of 496 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#251,060
of 416,169 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Current topics in behavioral neurosciences
#28
of 42 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,952,268 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 22nd percentile – i.e., 22% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 496 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 8.8. This one is in the 23rd percentile – i.e., 23% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 416,169 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 30th percentile – i.e., 30% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 42 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 23rd percentile – i.e., 23% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.