Chapter title |
Ecotoxicity of Neonicotinoid Insecticides to Bees
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 8 |
Book title |
Insect Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
|
Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, February 2016
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-1-4419-6445-8_8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-1-4419-6444-1, 978-1-4419-6445-8
|
Authors |
Axel Decourtye, James Devillers, Decourtye, Axel, Devillers, James |
Editors |
Steeve Hervé Thany PhD |
Abstract |
This chapter reviews the available data on the toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides to bees that are the prominent and the most economically important group of pollinators worldwide. Classical and new methods developed to take into account the characteristics and different types of effects of the neonicotinoid insecticides to bees are described. The available toxicity results are critically analyzed. Thus, the nitro-substituted compounds (clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid and its metabolites, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram) appear the most toxic to bees. The cyano-substituted neonicotinoids seem to exhibit a much lower toxicity (acetamiprid and thiacloprid). The chapter ends with suggestions for additional studies aiming at better assess the hazard of this important insecticide family to bees. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 3 | 1% |
France | 2 | <1% |
Norway | 1 | <1% |
Italy | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Serbia | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 198 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 33 | 16% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 29 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 29 | 14% |
Researcher | 28 | 13% |
Professor | 13 | 6% |
Other | 43 | 21% |
Unknown | 34 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 93 | 44% |
Environmental Science | 25 | 12% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 5% |
Chemistry | 10 | 5% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 2% |
Other | 24 | 11% |
Unknown | 43 | 21% |