Hara T, Kimura I, Inoue D, Ichimura A, Hirasawa A, Takafumi Hara, Ikuo Kimura, Daisuke Inoue, Atsuhiko Ichimura, Akira Hirasawa, Hara, Takafumi, Kimura, Ikuo, Inoue, Daisuke, Ichimura, Atsuhiko, Hirasawa, Akira
Abstract
The free fatty acid receptor (FFAR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activated by free fatty acids (FFAs), which play important roles not only as essential nutritional components but also as signaling molecules in numerous physiological processes. In the last decade, FFARs have been identified by the GPCR deorphanization strategy derived from the human genome database. To date, several FFARs have been identified and characterized as critical components in various physiological processes. FFARs are categorized according to the chain length of FFA ligands that activate each FFAR; FFA2 and FFA3 are activated by short chain FFAs, GPR84 is activated by medium-chain FFAs, whereas FFA1 and GPR120 are activated by medium- or long-chain FFAs. FFARs appear to act as physiological sensors for food-derived FFAs and digestion products in the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, they are considered to be involved in the regulation of energy metabolism mediated by the secretion of insulin and incretin hormones and by the regulation of the sympathetic nerve systems, taste preferences, and inflammatory responses related to insulin resistance. Therefore, because FFARs can be considered to play important roles in physiological processes and various pathophysiological processes, FFARs have been targeted in therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we present a summary of recent progress regarding the understanding of their physiological roles in the regulation of energy metabolism and their potential as therapeutic targets.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
8
6%
Chemistry
6
5%
Other
17
14%
Unknown
32
26%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 31 January 2014.
All research outputs
#16,771,664
of 26,388,722 outputs
Outputs from Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology
#67
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Outputs of similar age
#121,698
of 206,501 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology
#2
of 3 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 26,388,722 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 34th percentile – i.e., 34% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 98 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.9. This one is in the 31st percentile – i.e., 31% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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